ABSTRACT
Stock market contributes to the economic development of a country. Thus, needs to understand by many of us. Many individuals are interested to know the efficiency of the stock market so that handsome revenue can be generated by arbitraging. Small and medium capital holders can be encouraged to save and invest in the stock market only if their stocks in the stock market are suitably priced. The content of information for any events and its propagations decide the efficiency of the stock market; in other words, how speedily and suitably security prices reflect this information, this shows the efficiency of the stock market. The word market efficiency is coined to elucidate the relationship between information floated and stock prices in the stock market. There are three forms of market efficiency viz., weak form, semi – strong form and strong form. A market is said to be weak form efficient if current prices of stock fully reflect all information shown by historical prices. Therefore, no investor can formulate a trading rule depending upon past price patterns to earn abnormal profit. If stock prices immediately reflect any new publicly available information then market is semi- strong efficient. A market is known as strong form efficient, if stock prices reflect all kinds of information whether available privately or publicly. It is generally considered that the stock markets in developing and less developed countries are neither efficient in semi-strong form nor in strong form. Only few studies have been conducted to test the efficiency of the stock market in India. Random Walk Theory suggests that at a particular time period, the size and direction of the next price change of a stock is at random. The weak form of efficient market hypothesis is also known as Random Walk Theory. Therefore, present paper has made an effort to analyze whether prices of top automobile and pharmaceutical companies in National Stock Exchange follow a random walk as required by market efficiency. Results reported that nine out of ten companies do not follow random walk theory and move non-randomly in the NSE.

ABSTRACT
Real-time large data analysis is one of the problems facing the data science industry. Many unstructured or structured data sets are subjected to data analysis before being saved for further study. More data insights are provided by this analysis, which is helpful for improved management. However, real-time data analysis replaces that approach, enabling businesses to react more quickly and make more accurate decisions. In order to manage the constant stream of data, a streaming platform that can analyze data gradually and methodically is needed. Data pipelines and real-time Kafka is used for building broadcasting applications. A pipeline of data continuously mixes and transmits data that travels from a particular platform to a different one whereas a streaming service streams data from one platform to another over time takes data streams Cloud computing technologies such as Amazon Web Services S3 (basic storage service), AWS Glue (Data Catalog), Amazon Web Services Athena and AWS Crawler are used in combination with the Kafka framework to organize and evaluate data. This framework assists in the processing and analysis of real-time data in industries. This framework can extract and evaluate relevant characteristics and hidden patterns in real-time data. Furthermore, the data that we gathered may be used to train a Machine Learning Model.

ABSTRACT
Blockchain plays a prominent role in the future because of its decentralized and distributed ledger which is digitally secured and performs transactions across several computers. It is intended to be tamper-resistant, transparent, and censorship-resistant. The core concept behind blockchain is to build secured blocks connected through a chain that contains a hash value and transactions. These blocks are connected using cryptographic hashes to build an immutable and continuous chain. The Ethereum blockchain has many features that can be helpful with the use of smart contracts. So the use these smart contracts and the different components of blockchain which will be very helpful in the Ethereum network and transaction flow is explored in detail. Beyond cryptocurrencies, Ethereum has played a crucial role in the development of blockchain technology, enabling the establishment of a varied ecosystem of decentralized apps and initiatives. The low-secured records are used in homecare for consulting doctors and storing diagnosis records about homecare like doctors and family members. Because of its less security and data dependency of patient records most of the hospitals use E- mail for sharing the important records of patients. Blockchain technology is best recognized as the underpinning technology for cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, where it acts as a decentralized and secure ledger for transaction recording. However, its uses expand beyond cryptocurrencies to different regions of industries, including banking, healthcare, and others, where it may provide transparent and secure record-keeping and allow new types of decentralized applications. A blockchain system is a block-to-block network method for securely running and validating decentralized blockchain platform application code. A large amount of money is required to keep a large number of records on the blockchain, and another problem is the allowed sharing of health records. To tackle this difficulty, the suggested solution uses the Interplanetary File solution (IPFS) to save money.

ABSTRACT
In the ever-changing world of advertising, the selection and utilization of communication channels are crucial elements that significantly influence the effectiveness of a campaign. Effective communication is essential in the dynamic and ever-evolving field of advertising in order to reach target audiences with messages. This study explores the various ways that communication channels, including developing technology and traditional and digital platforms, are used in advertising. This will provide insight on the combined influence of these factors on message delivery, audience engagement, and campaign efficacy. The paper gives a general review of the development of communication channels in advertising and traces the historical importance of print, radio, and television. This makes it easy to understand how the advertising industry has undergone revolutionary changes and how digital platforms have emerged as important participants in contemporary communication methods. This research also examines the growing worries about consumer privacy in advertising and offers recommendations for advertisers looking to ethically handle these problems.

ABSTRACT
The integration of numerous connected devices in IoV brings about various advantages, such as improved traffic control and driver safety. However, it also exposes significant security risks. To ensure the confidentiality and integrity of data within the IoV network, it is crucial to implement robust security protocols. This article focuses on Network Security Situational Awareness (NSSA) in the context of IoV, taking into account the challenges posed by the dynamic and diverse nature of the environment. We explore the key components of NSSA frameworks tailored for IoV and provide recommendations for enhancing intrusion detection and prediction capabilities. Moreover, we present case studies and experimental findings that demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed strategies in safeguarding IoV networks from emerging threats. In summary, this paper contributes to the growing body of knowledge on network security in the IoV context and offers practical guidance to practitioners and researchers seeking to strengthen the defense mechanisms of IoV systems against cyber attacks.

ABSTRACT
This research paper explores the implementation of all the logic basic gates. In the realm of digital electronics, the fundamental building blocks are the basic logic gates, including AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, and XOR gates using Electric Binary 9.03 software, which is open source VLSI design tool. The realization of each logic gate involves understanding its truth table and implementing the corresponding Boolean expression. The study emphasizes the importance of the inverter (NOT gate) in digital circuit design. The ability to realize all basic logic gates provides a solid foundation for the development of advanced digital systems and opens avenues for further research in the field of digital electronics.

ABSTRACT
Owing to wide use of Lithium-ion Batteries (LiBs) in portable electronic goods, electric vehicles etc. due to their high energy density, a huge number of spent LiBs have been generated, which has become a severe threat for both public health and environmental sustainability. Recycling LiBs helps to mitigate environmental impact, conserves resources like lithium and cobalt, manages electronic waste, and supports the sustainable development of clean energy technologies. Thus, the present study aims to identify the most appropriate LiB Recycling Technology (LiBRT) using a multi-criteria group decision making (MCGDM) approach. The notions of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) have been extended with the aid of Triangular Fuzzy Weighted Geometric Operator (TFWGO) and integrated to solve the problem of LiBRT selection. To examine the reliability of the proposed technique, comparative and sensitivity studies are executed.

ABSTRACT
The FMCG brands have been observed to tap into the consumer attributes especially the emotional imbalances and the personal characteristics to promote and seek sustained consumption of brand. At the same time, FMCG brands are co-creating value with value chain members, partners and retailers to enable the consumers to switch over from existing loyalties to new brands. The stores are emerging as essential partners in shaping and transforming the existing patronages and making the customer move over to new brands in FMCG segment. In this study we examined the factor that impact the brand awareness of FMCG products and brand awareness of FMCG products. Affective, promotions proneness, brand equity, retailer advice, personal, store display are the factors that impact the brand awareness.

ABSTRACT
Now days, technology is ubiquitous across all industries and plays an excessively important role. In the field of management, technology is essential to students and others growth. Although technology has permeated every business, some are unable to fully adopt it. Because there are more barriers in today's technology-enabled workplace, management demands a working knowledge of technology. In these industries, technical tools are a frequent means of facilitating the use of management practices, cooperation, and communication. Electronic media is now being used on a regular basis by partnered teams for these same goals. Management can increase sales and profitability through the use of technology tools and also maintain the record for revenue. The study examines how technology is used in management today. It will rely on having the right connectivity and technological understanding. Everyone needs to use and be mindful of technology. The absence of technology makes things complicated. The research examines the manner in which technology impacts organizational structures, decision-making processes, communication routes, and overall efficiency in management frameworks. Through an examination of these aspects, the abstract seeks to shed light on the dynamic environment in which technology serves as a catalyst, transforming how businesses plan, work together, and attain operational excellence in the digital age.

ABSTRACT
“Customer is king” is an age-old adage that emphasis the significance of customers in all businesses. Customer Relationships are the lifeblood of a successful business. Making deep ties with customers enhances customer loyalty and commitment. Positive interactions can lead to Word of mouth marketing bolstering company’s Reputation, strengthen rapport with the customers and eventually retain them. We explored that many luxury brands are striving hard for seeking out Smart Strategies to retain their customers. Premium Brands are practicing customer Retention as a measure of how effectively they keep customers engaged and hence reducing churn by delivering excellent service to their customers. Deepening Emotional ties with customers through retention strategies like providing customized services, leveraging social media and gathering feedback from them results in repeat business from brand loyal customers who are willing to full price instead of a discounted one. This study aims to shed light on luxury brands using Smart Tactics to lower the customer attrition existing within the current customer journey and recommend efforts encouraged at fostering customer Retent.

ABSTRACT
In the recent years Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has witnessed tremendous increase in awareness and control in the global arena. CSR that emerged in 1960 was an attempt to link business with society. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) refers to strategies that Corporations or firms employ to conduct their business in a way that is ethical, society friendly and beneficial to community in terms of development. It is a concept where Business organizations apart from their profitability and growth show interest in societal and environmental welfare by taking the responsibility of impact of their activities on stakeholders, employees, shareholders, customers, suppliers, and civil society. Nowadays CSR is perceived as the most demanding topics in research area. This paper aims at the inspection of the understanding, aspiration and evaluations of the CSR of SBI by its different stakeholders. In India, SBI is the largest public sector bank. This study advises that a more extensive research should be done in this particular area of CSR in banking industry and the association of regular persons. A regular committee in the CSR exercise is necessary which should satisfy the objectives of the institute and which also promise a productive and sustainable expansion of the society. This study highlights the main CSR activities. For the same the annual reports of five years since 2014 to 2018 has been analysed. A questionnaire has also been designed to get some knowledge about what the employees think about the CSR programmes run by the bank. Being the largest public sector bank in India, the institution is having a well-defined system to facilitate the social needs and also doing a great work to achieve its objectives. In this regard, actions taken by corporate houses and regulatory authorities operating in developed nations are quite satisfactory. However, in developing nations the situation of CSR activities by financial institutions is not so flourishing. In this reference the present paper attempts to analyze the CSR practices in Indian banking sector.

ABSTRACT
The main aim of the study was to evaluate the consumption of coffee among adolescents in the world. In this study, describe the characteristics of coffee consumers and present their segmentation based on consumer choices and their habits towards coffee consumption. I collected the information about consumer choices and habits related to coffee consumption, including brewing method, place of consuming coffee, choices of coffee. With the help of research and analysis on the utilization of coffee among young people, I identified that STARBUCKS, TIM HORTONS, BARISTA, THE COFFEE CULTURE, COSTA these coffee stores are more popular for coffee beans because mostly, caffeine connoisseur prefers to grab a coffee daily. 54,17% of the participants stated that they consume coffee daily and 74,13% consume 3-4 cups of coffee per day. They like and consume coffee, but they often change their choices regarding the beverages. To conclude, mostly Canadian and American people like coffee beans of these stores but, Australians do not prefer to consume coffee from these coffee cafes` because Australians have an internationally recognized coffee culture and this culture is based on different variations of Espresso and filters coffee. Australians love coffee when some Greek and Italian immigrants came down and they developed a love for espresso. Based on study results it is possible to know the coffee drinking habits in Canada, Australia and America among young people.

ABSTRACT
This research paper aims to develop an understanding of factors influencing consumers towards inclination of QR- Code Mobile Payment Services in Punjab. The current research investigates the determinant factors of performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, price value, habit, trust, perceived risk and government support. Quantitative study considerations were taken from 1000 Mobile Payment users from Punjab, using probability-convenience sampling. The outcome of this research is anticipated to give valuable insight in understating these concepts and encourage businesses in aligning their payment systems according to consumers need in order to augment their functionality, satisfaction that results in long run survival.

ABSTRACT
In the dynamic realms of education, management, and information technology, the cultivation of an entrepreneurial mindset among students is imperative. This review paper investigates various innovative strategies for integrating entrepreneurial education across diverse academic disciplines, thereby establishing a pipeline for future innovators and leaders. Education in entrepreneurship enables people to embrace uncertainty, take advantage of opportunities, and add value in both their personal and professional lives. The judicious utilization of technology in entrepreneurship education facilitates the development of interactive learning environments that simulate genuine entrepreneurial experiences. Technologies such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and gamification enable students to engage in decision-making, risk assessment, and problem-solving within authentic entrepreneurial contexts, fostering experiential learning. Moreover, technology fosters a culture of co-creation and knowledge exchange by facilitating networking and collaboration among students, educators, and industry professionals. Online collaboration tools, project management platforms, and social media platforms enable virtual teamwork, interdisciplinary collaboration, and idea dissemination. Furthermore, entrepreneurship education nurtures an entrepreneurial mindset characterized by curiosity, resilience, and proactive engagement with uncertainty and opportunity. Administrative hurdles and resistance to change within academic institutions may impede the adoption and integration of entrepreneurship education initiatives, underscoring the importance of fostering a supportive institutional framework for entrepreneurship education.

ABSTRACT
Traditional financial education methods frequently fail to engage people in today's complex economic environment, which leads to low retention rates and restricted application of learned information. In order to improve learning outcomes and encourage engagement, educators and researchers have turned to creative teaching models like gamification as a solution to these problems. This study looks into the influence of social media on knowledge acquisition and how it helps to provide gamified financial education. The paper emphasizes the value of financial literacy, the difficulties with traditional approaches, and the possibilities of gamification in financial education through a thorough review of the relevant literature. Findings show the significance of social media for enabling gamified financial education owing to its extensive reach and interactive features. The study highlights how gamification can improve financial literacy and decision-making abilities, highlighting the need for more investigation and advancement in this field to enable people to successfully negotiate the complexity of today's financial environment. The research highlights the value of gamification as a tool for enhancing financial education and promotes further research and development in this area, notwithstanding certain drawbacks such as the representation of a variety of educational resources and possible confounding variables.

ABSTRACT
Crowdfunding has grown prominently during the last decade as a means for entrepreneurs with innovative concepts to obtain funding by promoting their projects via online platforms. In India, crowdfunding is still in its infancy. This conceptual research study delves into the Indian regulatory framework of crowdfunding and attempts to understand its current status, including challenges, and implications for entrepreneurial activities. The study is descriptive in nature. The research goes on to conduct a comparative analysis of crowdfunding with other funding options accessible in the Indian entrepreneurial ecosystem.

ABSTRACT
With a surge in the demand for beauty products, cosmetic companies are launching new and improved products every year. Beauty Marketing is what a marketer does to promote a beauty product or brand. In other words, it’s a combination of marketing efforts. These efforts are aimed at customers/prospects for presenting a beauty product/brand. Beauty products means skincare, personal care, fragrance, haircare and color (cosmetics) products, in each case including all components, ingredients, related tools and implements thereof and tools and accessories for use in connection therewith. Consumers are also spending heavily on personalized and modern cosmetic products. Hence, both new and established cosmetic brands are investing in beauty advertising to make their products visible to the target audience. This article explores the concept of beauty marketing in detail and shares the top beauty advertising strategies for skincare marketers.

ABSTRACT
In order to understand the concept of governance, we must be clear about the wider concept of state which encompasses government and governance. Government is a major constituent of state, as it is an instrument through which the state strives to accomplish its goals and objectives. Governance, in simple terms, means the process of decision-making and its implementation. It is broader in nature and has social, political and economic dimensions. There is a realisation on the part of governments to set goals, discharge certain key activities to realise them and be accountable for their actions to the people. Governance is a more comprehensive concept, as it includes private sector, non-governmental organisations and so on, which discharge administrative functions in a collective manner. These Administrative System institutions are entrusted with certain tasks, deliver certain services to the people and are responsible for certain important activities. But there could be variations in the manner in which the activities are discharged. It is the overall responsibility of the state to protect the life and property of its citizens. The state through the instrument of government strives to provide suitable living environment, maintain law and order and establish social justice and equality in the society, which make for good governance. As you must be aware that globally, over the past two decades, there have been significant industrial and technological innovations. The citizens are also becoming conscious of their rights and responsibilities. There is an increase in the level of their expectations and as a result, the demand for good governance from the government, private sector and other organisations has gone up.

ABSTRACT
ਅਧਿਆਪਨ ਅਤੇ ਸਿੱਖਣ ਦਾ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਦੇ ਖੇਤਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਮੁੱਢਲਾ ਤੇ ਅਹਿਮ ਸਥਾਨ ਹੈ। ਇਹ ਦੋਵੇਂ ਸਿੱਖਣ ਪ੍ਰਕਿਰਿਆ ਦੇ ਬੁਨਿਆਦੀ ਪੱਖ ਹਨ। ਦੋਵੇਂ ਇੱਕ ਦੂਜੇ ਨਾਲ ਬਹੁਤ ਨੇੜਤਾ ਦਾ ਸੰਬੰਧ ਰੱਖਦੇ ਹਨ। ਅਧਿਆਪਨ ਇੱਕ ਅਜਿਹੀ ਪ੍ਰਕਿਰਿਆ ਹੈ, ਜਿਸ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ ਲੋੜੀਦਾ ਗਿਆਨ ,ਹੁਨਰ ਅਤੇ ਵਧੀਆ ਜੀਵਨ ਜਾਂਚ ਸਿੱਖਦਾ ਹੈ। ਇਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਅਧਿਆਪਕ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ, ਪਾਠਕ੍ਰਮ ਆਦਿ ਇੱਕ ਸਿਸਟਮ ਵਜੋਂ ਸੰਗਠਿਤ ਕੀਤੇ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ। ਅਧਿਆਪਨ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਬੱਚੇ ਅੰਦਰ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਸਾਰੀਆਂ ਯੋਗਤਾਵਾਂ ਦਾ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਗਰੀਨ ਦੇ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ “ ਅਧਿਆਪਨ ਇੱਕ ਅਜਿਹਾ ਪ੍ਰਕਿਰਿਆ ਹੈ, ਜਿਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਅਧਿਆਪਕ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ ਦੇ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਲਈ ਹਰ ਕਾਰਜ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ”। ਸਿੱਖਣ ਤੋਂ ਭਾਵ ਹੈ -ਬਦਲਾਵ, ਵਿਕਾਸ, ਸੁਧਾਰ ਅਤੇ ਅਨੁਕੂਲਨ। ਇਹ ਕੇਵਲ ਸਕੂਲ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਿੱਖਣ, ਪੜ੍ਹਨ ਲਿਖਣ, ਬੋਲਣ ਨਾਲ ਸੰਬੰਧਿਤ ਨਹੀਂ ਇਹ ਇੱਕ ਵਿਆਪਕ ਧਾਰਨਾ ਹੈ ,ਜਿਹੜੀ ਇੱਕ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਤੇ ਸਥਾਈ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵ ਪਾਉਂਦੀ ਹੈ। ਸਿੱਖਣ ਤੋਂ ਭਾਵ ਹੈ ਆਦਤਾਂ ਗਿਆਨ, ਰੂਚੀ ਆਦਿ ਗ੍ਰਹਿਣ ਤੋਂ ਹੈ। ਗੇਟਸ ਦੇ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ “ਸਿੱਖਣ ਤੋਂ ਭਾਵ ਹੈ ਵਿਵਹਾਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਅਨੁਭਵ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਲੋੜੀਦਾ ਸੁਧਾਰ।“

ABSTRACT
The study aims to examine the perception of prospective teachers towards professional identity. As the present study is descriptive, the descriptive survey method was used. Student Teacher Professional Identity Scale by Fisherman and Abbot (1998) was used by the researchers to collect the data from a sample of 29 prospective teachers (2023-24) studied in a teacher education institution situated in Punjab, India through the purposive sampling technique. The data was analyzed using statistical measures such as mean and standard deviation. The results showed that the – prospective teachers have a favourable attitude towards being a teacher; to a great extent prospective teachers identify with the teacher’s role; prospective teachers are confident about teaching as their professional choice; prospective teachers are confident about their sense of self-actualization as teachers; and prospective teachers see teaching profession as a mission and challenge to a great extent.

ABSTRACT
The technological developments lead to particular changes in every aspect of social life. It is aimed that educational institutions raise individuals who can integrate technology into areas such as industry, economy and communication. This target does not consist only of teaching the technology, but also using it in various aspects of life. The teacher education programmes need to integrate numerous skills and competencies. India has one of the largest systems of teacher education around the world. Besides the university departments of education and their affiliated colleges, government and Government-aided institutions, private and self-financing colleges and open universities are also engaged in teacher education. The NCF (2005) and XIIth five-year plans (2011) emphasized providing connectivity, valuable content, and low-cost computing devices to all the institutions of higher learning in the country. It is necessary for the trainees who perform their profession in educational institutions and for the trainees receiving education in faculties of education to develop their knowledge and skills according to the ever-growing technology. The aim of this research is to present a systematic review of the literature in the Web of Science and Scopus, to identify, analyse and classify the published articles between 2010 and 2022 on digital competences, and thus find and improve the research being done on digital skills and future avenues of teachers in the university context. The results reveal a predominance of research that focuses on analysing teachers' self- assessment and reflection of their digital competencies. Teachers recognize that they have a low or medium–low digital competence, as well as the absence of certain competencies, especially those related to the evaluation of educational practice. Despite the multiple studies that address this issue, it is necessary to continue improving research in this area, deepening the assessment of prospective teachers' digital competencies and design, on this basis, more practical and personalized training programs that respond to the needs of prospective teachers in the digital era.

ABSTRACT
The field of adaptation and film studies is gaining increased attention within the literary domain as a growing number of scholars are actively engaging in the production of original research articles. The interdisciplinary and intertextual nature of adaptation and film studies offers humanities scholars a unique avenue for creating previously unpublished works. This research article underscores the significance of adaptation and film studies in literature, encouraging philologists to actively participate in this field. It begins by asserting that film is an art form similar to literature. The article explores adaptation and film studies as a means of bridging literature and cinema, examining predecessors and analyzing the mutual relationship between these fields. This research paper delves into the significance and impact of film philology, specifically focusing on the exploration of adaptation studies within literary contexts. The study seeks to unravel the intricate connections between film and literature, highlighting the essential role of film philology in understanding and appreciating the adaptation process. By examining the interplay between these two mediums, the research aims to contribute valuable insights into the broader discourse surrounding the convergence of film and literary studies. Through a thorough investigation of adaptation studies, this paper aims to shed light on the unique contributions made by film philology to our comprehension of the dynamic relationship between visual storytelling and written narratives. Western academia's approach to adaptation and film studies is scrutinized, delving into influential figures and trends. The research concludes by emphasizing the importance of adaptation and film in philology, urging humanities scholars to engage in film analyses, especially through the critical lens of literary theory. Overall, the paper advocates for the necessity and widespread adoption of film philology in the study of literature.

ABSTRACT
This paper examine the Different innovative strategies of teaching help us to reach out to the minds of the students and win the hearts of the audience while doing so. Today technology has given teachers across the world a number of tools to enhance teaching methods. These innovative teaching-learning aids and strategies are improving the Students engagement and level of learning. These strategies focus on encouraging them to take an active role in their learning and provide students with the opportunity to explore various topics through experimentation, discussion, critical thinking, and collaboration. This paper focus on the how these innovative teaching strategies are impacting on the student engagement.

ABSTRACT
In the ever-evolving world of fashion, the emergence of quick style has heralded a profound transformation in the way individuals approach clothing purchases and disposal. This paradigm shift towards readily accessible and affordable garments has led to a significant surge in garment consumption globally. Quick style has established itself as a dominant business model by offering large quantities of clothing at modest prices, thereby democratizing fashion and making the latest trends accessible to a wide range of consumers. However, beneath the veneer of affordability and accessibility lie concealed risks to both human health and the environment. The production and consumption of modest garments come with a plethora of ecological and social hazards that permeate the lifecycle of each clothing article. From the water-intensive cultivation of cotton to the release of untreated dyes into local water reservoirs, the environmental implications of material manufacturing are profound and far-reaching. Moreover, individuals employed in or residing near clothing manufacturing facilities bear a disproportionate burden of environmental and occupational health hazards, exacerbating the global environmental justice dilemma perpetuated by the fast fashion supply chain. Furthermore, the proliferation of quick style has resulted in a staggering amount of textile waste, inundating landfills and unregulated disposal sites worldwide. This issue is particularly pressing in low and middle-income countries, where a substantial portion of textile waste ends up in recycled clothing markets, perpetuating a cycle of environmental degradation and social inequality. To address these challenges, industry stakeholders, policymakers, consumers, and researchers must collaborate to foster sustainable production practices and ethical consumption behaviors. By prioritizing environmental stewardship and social responsibility, we can work towards a fashion ecosystem that is equitable, sustainable, and conducive to the well-being of both individuals and the planet.

ABSTRACT
The word Education is derived from the Latin word: Educare which means to bring up or to nourish. In hindi, the term 'Siksha' has come from the Sanskrit word "Shash". Shash means to discipline, to control, to order, to direct, to rule etc. The goal of education is to develop physical, mental, emotional, social, moral and spiritual aspects of life. It is life long process. According to Rig Veda ‘Education is something which makes a man self-reliant and selfless’. Education breaks down barriers and provides equal access to resources and opportunities, contributing to a more inclusive and equitable society. The purpose of the present work is to achieve in promoting environmental awareness, sustainability practices and conservation efforts. This paper aims to cultivate global citizenship by fostering a sense of interconnectedness, empathy and responsibility towards global issues and challenges. In essence, education is transformative force that empowers individuals, builds resilient and inclusive societies, drives economic progress, promotes health and well-being, strengthens democratic values, protects the environment, preserves cultural diversity and fosters global co-operation and solidarity. Its significance cannot be overstated, as it lays the foundation for a more just prosperous and sustainable world for present and future generations.

ABSTRACT
Artificial intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) are two of the supreme talked about technologies in the recent years. AI refers to the ability of machines to study and make decisions without human interposition. IoT, on the other hand, is a network of devices that are connected to the internet and can interconnect with each other. The combination of these two technologies, known as AIoT, has the probable to revolutionise the way we aware and work. AI can bring human-like decision-making and responsiveness to the IoT environment, which can lead to increased effectiveness and improved processes. The development of Internet of Things (IoT) has transformed all fields of life in general and has drawn momentous attention for researchers to shape a new pattern of life standard. Artificial Intelligence can be said to be the factual driving force behind IoT, and has helped it to infiltrate into every aspect of life, whether it be smart cities, to health care, to pollution regulator, smart agriculture, logistics and retail, to even smart living and smart environments. In This paper we discuss the recent improvement of IoT Smart devices with Artificial intelligence and how does AI Enhance the Capabilities of Connected Devices in IoT

ABSTRACT
There is a dynamic relationship between two forms of art- Literature and film that overlap and diverge. Literature has had vast influence on movies. Adapting a novel entails converting written words (ready -made content) into a series of moving images/ visual depiction. From the 18th century onward, literature was a well-liked medium of expression, and the cinema emerged in the 20th century. Each forms of art have similarities and distinctions, yet both have the capacity to transport audiences to entirely other settings. In contrast to cinema, which depicts such an imaginary world without any pressure, literature takes its readers on a voyage of the imagination that is removed from the real and distinct world. The art of literature is created by writing, whereas the art of cinema is created through actors, sound, music, and pictures. The world of cinema has always drawn much inspiration and motivation from literature. The association of film and literature is deep but everlasting. Filmmakers have heavily borrowed from literary works like novels, plays, short tales, and biographies since the formulation of cinema; this process is known as adaptation, or the conversion of printed works to another medium. Literary works are interpreted in movies in different, exclusive and interest arousing ways.

ABSTRACT
The field of education is always changing as a result of technological breakthroughs that are transforming conventional teaching strategies. The potential for revolutionizing the field of education through the incorporation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) capabilities into platforms is enormous. Additionally, this integration supports the objectives of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. This research paper uses a survey study involving students, faculties, and administrators to investigate the challenges and opportunities of this integration. Furthermore, the alignment of ChatGPT-LMS (Learning Management Systems) integration with educational policies is evaluated by a literature analysis. The results emphasize the importance of AI in education and show how it can improve teaching methods, enrich learning experiences, and support general educational objectives. This study adds to the discussion about the integration of AI in education and offers guidance to participants who want to take advantage of AI-driven technology in learning environments.

ABSTRACT
This research paper investigates the multifaceted implications stemming from the increasing integration of robots and artificial intelligence (AI) into various societal domains. Despite the promises of heightened efficiency and productivity, concerns are surfacing regarding the potential adverse effects of these advancements. A significant apprehension revolves around the displacement of jobs and its potential repercussions on the global economy, particularly as AI exhibits superior performance in certain tasks compared to humans. This paradigm shift could further exacerbate existing social disparities. Moreover, there looms a substantial threat of these technologies being manipulated or hacked, posing grave risks to humanity if wielded maliciously. Nevertheless, amid these challenges, notable opportunities for positive impact emerge. For instance, AI can serve as a valuable tool in healthcare, supporting medical professionals in disease diagnosis and treatment planning by leveraging extensive datasets. Furthermore, AI-driven technologies such as drones hold promise in addressing environmental challenges, such as plastic pollution, by identifying and monitoring polluted areas in oceans. By comprehensively examining both the risks and benefits associated with robots and AI, this paper aims to contribute to a nuanced understanding of the intricate dynamics between technology and society

ABSTRACT
The object of this study to identify importance of mobile (Electronic) payments system as e-commerce tool. In this paper the Bibliometric technique was used to review the previous published studies on mobile payments, e- payments, user satisfaction and adoption with a inclusive and trustworthy ways to expose progressive hint and prominence rising topics in this research. This paper reviewed 323 studies published between 2000- March 2024 in the Scopus database in the field of Commerce and Economics, particularly on electronic payments system, mobile payment system, user satisfaction and adoption and trust. The number of studies on these topics increases progressively. India, USA, China, and Spain are most enthusiastic countries in contributing papers in this field. This study elaborated most prolific author, most important documents, foremost research area, institutions. The study’s findings give broad view of existing literature, with prominent growth that shows prospective futuristic approach in this area. This research offers the guidelines for additional exploration.

ABSTRACT
Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems help businesses improve relationships with customers, streamline processes, and increase profitability. Effective CRM implementation can lead to increased customer satisfaction, retention, and ultimately, business growth. In order to increase awareness of customer relationship management (CRM) and its function in augmenting customer value and, consequently, shareholder value, the writer elaborated the internal and external factors. This paper explains the evolution of CRM before going into detail about its features. Then, using perspective, it expands on the idea of micro and macro. The appropriate methods for approaching CRM and how to have the correct mindset toward the CRM solutions are concluded in the implementation section. It was concluded that the CRM can play an important role in planning and provide a key to increase customer service.

ABSTRACT
In the modern era, English language is being used by Indians extensively. Whether it is intrapersonal or interpersonal, English has become the major communicator. It is the primary language of professional degrees as well as enshrined in the constitution of India. This present article traces the brief journey of English language before and after independence and also mentioned its dynamic role about having competence in speaking skills. To make up the deficiency in English language, few proficiency tests are also discussed which helped to meet the requirements of Indians to grab the jobs internationally. The increasingly massive use of English language is influencing the whole globalization and allowing all of us to speak in one common language. Thus, learning English with competence and proficiency is the requirement of each one in India.

ABSTRACT
This article investigates the emergence of social media as an instrument for political parties, election campaigning in India. Social media has grown in importance as a campaigning tool in the Indian electoral system. It is believed that these new media platforms will play a major part in drawing in voters, particularly the younger adult population. Voters feel more personally engaged in the campaign when political parties and candidates use social media to communicate their views, objectives, and successes with the public. Through social media, candidates can provide their supporters with an exclusive look at their campaign. These new media platforms also make it easier to gather news that is most pertinent to important target audiences. The rise and increased use of social media platforms are evident.

ABSTRACT
The Indian capital market has been a pivotal driver of the country’s economic growth, characterized by unprecedented development post-liberalization. It has been expanding significantly with its stock market ranking as the world's fourth largest by market capitalization. It facilitates the trade of long-term financial instruments. It encompasses various financial instruments such as equity shares, preference shares, debentures, bonds, mutual funds and derivatives. It comprises the primary and secondary market. In the primary market, companies issue new securities to investors while the secondary market involves the trading of existing securities between investors. Intermediaries like brokers, investment bankers, stock exchanges and underwriters play significant roles in facilitating transactions within the capital market. It has witnessed a paradigm shift at par with the advanced markets of the world in the last decade. The technology applications in the settlement systems have made the Indian Capital Market akin with the international capital markets. The country has seen a thriving IPO market, showcasing strong growth in IPO volume, driven by a dynamic regulatory framework and robust domestic capital. The new economic policy, emergence of SEBI (Securities and Exchange Board of India), advent of foreign institutional investors, new trading practices brought radical changes in the market. NSDL (National Securities Depository Limited) and CDSL (Central Depository Services Limited) were set up in order to promote the market efficiency. The market's growth and resilience against global economic challenges highlight India's potential for further development and investment opportunities.

ABSTRACT
Deep learning has emanated as a metamorphic technology in medical image analysis, offering extraordinary opportunities to enhance disease detection, diagnosis, and treatment planning. This study explores the challenges and methodologies associated with the integration of deep learning techniques into medical imaging, focusing on disease detection. Challenges include data quality, interpretability, generalization, regulatory compliance, and computational resources. Methodologically, the study emphasizes data acquisition, model selection, training, validation, evaluation, interpretability, and ethical considerations. By addressing these challenges and following rigorous methodologies, deep learning models can effectively analyze medical images, leading to improved diagnostic accuracy and patient care outcomes.

ABSTRACT
The partition of India in 1947 left an indelible mark on the history of the Indian subcontinent, resulting in widespread violence, displacement, and social upheaval. This paper seeks to provide a comprehensive analysis of women's experiences during this tumultuous period, drawing upon historical research, literature, film, and oral narratives. By examining the multifaceted roles played by women, their experiences of violence and trauma, agency and resilience, and the enduring legacies of partition, this paper aims to deepen our understanding of the gendered dimensions of partition history and highlight the often-overlooked contributions

ABSTRACT
To protect people and assets from accidents, incidents, and terror attacks, the number of video security cameras and systems being utilized is increasing at a high rate. However, the number of security personnel has not increased at the same rate, resulting in an average of 20 to 50 cameras being monitored by each security personnel. Viewing many monitors and cameras simultaneously prevents security personnel from focusing on core monitoring duties, which can lead to an increased probability of missing critical situations due to viewing fatigue. This paper discusses intelligent audio and video analysis technology for overcoming such limitations and for efficient monitoring is expanding, and research is striving to advance. Different Techniques and Applications have been discussed in this paper. The application software Hanwha Techwin is used for the analysis which is an audio-visual intelligent Surveillance system.

ABSTRACT
Is it possible for computers to provide faster speeds and aid different organizations than existing classical computers? Can quantum mechanics, a branch of physics, be combined with computer science to achieve much faster calculation and processing speed? The answer is yes, as quantum computing is a fast computing method that is primarily based on physics and computing technology. The development of quantum computers over the past few years has been one of the most significant advancements in the history of quantum computing. For over eight years, D-Wave has had a quantum computer available, and IBM has made its quantum computer accessible via its cloud services. Additionally, Microsoft, Google, Intel, and NASA have heavily invested in the development of quantum computers and their applications. Quantum computers are no longer just for physicists and computer scientists but also for information system researchers. This paper will discuss the need for quantum computation and the advantages it offers compared to classical computers. We will also discuss the elements of quantum computing, the challenges to quantum computing, and the future of this technology.

ABSTRACT
It’s indeed a pressing issue that slums are proliferating in various parts of the world, particularly in developing countries like India. Slums not only reflect poverty but also encompass a range of socio-economic challenges such as inadequate housing, lack of basic services, and limited access to education and healthcare. The migration from rural areas to urban centers, often driven by the promise of better opportunities and facilities, is a significant factor contributing to the growth of slums. Raipur's transformation into the capital of Chhattisgarh likely accelerated this migration process, leading to the rapid formation of slum communities. Urban areas often offer more opportunities for employment, education, and healthcare compared to rural areas, leading to a continuous influx of people from rural regions. The inability of urban infrastructure to keep pace with the rapid influx of migrants results in a shortage of affordable housing, forcing many newcomers to settle in informal settlements or slums. Economic inequalities within society contribute to the formation of slums, as marginalized communities often lack access to decent housing and basic services. Poor urban planning and governance can exacerbate the problem of slums by failing to address the housing needs of growing urban populations. In many cases, slum dwellers occupy land illegally or without proper ownership rights, making it difficult for authorities to provide essential services or upgrade infrastructure in these areas. The gravity model can be a useful framework for understanding the factors that attract people to slum areas. This model typically considers factors such as proximity to employment opportunities, availability of basic services, transportation accessibility, and affordability of housing.

ABSTRACT
Information Technology has revolutionized the field of education, transforming traditional classroom teaching and learning methods to more innovative and interactive ways of imparting knowledge. This research paper aims to explore the impact of Online Learning on Higher Education and shedding light on its potential benefits, challenges, and implications for the future of teaching and learning. The paper provides an overview of the role of Information Technology in Higher Education and examines the various technologies that are being used in education. With the increasing prevalence of online education, it is crucial to assess its impact on student outcomes, engagement levels, satisfaction, and retention rates compared to traditional face-to-face instruction. The paper provides an overview of the role of Information Technology in Higher Education and examines the various technologies that are being used in Higher Education. In this research paper, we will discuss the impact of information technology in education, the benefits and challenges it poses, and the future of education with the increasing use of technology.

ਸਾਰ
ਲੋਕ ਨਾਚ ਸਾਡੇ ਚਾਵਾਂ, ਉਮੰਗਾਂ, ਵਲਵਲਿਆ ਅਤੇ ਉਲਾਸ- ਭਾਵਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਪ੍ਰਗਟ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲੇ ਲੋਕ-ਸਮੂਹ ਦੀ ਸਿਰਜਨ-ਕਲਾ ਦੀ ਇੱਕ ਮਹੱਤਵਪੂਰਨ ਵੰਨਗੀ ਹਨ, ਜੋ ਲੋਕ-ਮਾਨਸ ਦੇ ਸਮੁਚੇ ਹਾਵਾਂ-ਭਾਵਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਰੀਰਕ ਮੁੰਦਰਾਵਾਂ ਦੇ ਪ੍ਰਗਟਾਉ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਪੇਸ਼ ਕਰਦੀ ਹੈ। ਵਿਚਾਰਾਂ, ਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸਾਂ, ਮਿੱਥਾਂ, ਰਹੁ-ਰੀਤਾਂ ਸਰੀਰਕ ਬਣਤਰ ਅਤੇ ਕਾਰਜ ਸਮਰੱਥਾਂ ਦੀ ਕੁਸ਼ਲਤਾ ਨਾਲ ਲੋਕ-ਨਾਚਾਂ ਦੀ ਪ੍ਰਕਿਰਤੀ ਨਿਰਧਾਰਿਤ ਕਰਦੀ ਹੈ। ਮੁੱਖ ਸ਼ਬਦ- ਲੋਕ, ਨਾਚ, ਮਨੁੱਖੀ ਜੀਵਨ, ਪ੍ਰੰਪਰਾ, ਲੋਕ-ਸਾਜ਼, ਪ੍ਰਗਟਾ, ਗੱਭਰੂ, ਮੁਟਿਆਰਾ, ਜਜ਼ਬੇ, ਰੀਝਾਂ, ਅੰਗ, ਭਾਵ, ਖੁਸ਼ੀ ਆਦਿ। ਜਾਣ ਪਛਾਣ- ਲੋਕ-ਨਾਚ ਜਨ-ਜੀਵਨ ਦਾ ਮਹੱਤਪੂਰਨ ਅੰਗ ਹਨ। ਨਾਚ ਦਾ ਮਨੁੱਖੀ ਜੀਵਨ ਨਾਲ ਅਨਿੱਖੜਵਾ ਸੰਬੰਧ ਹੈ। ਮਨੁੱਖ ਮਾਤਰ ਦਾ ਮੁੱਢਲਾ ਸੰਚਾਰ ਮਾਧਿਅਮ ਨਾਚ ਸੀ ।ਇਸ ਦੀ ਪ੍ਰੰਪਰਾ ਮਨੁੱਖੀ ਜੀਵਨ ਦੇ ਇਤਿਹਾਸ ਜਿੰਨੀ ਪ੍ਰਾਚੀਨ ਹੈ । ਪ੍ਰਾਰੰਭਕ ਮਨੁੱਖ ਆਪਣੇ ਭਾਵਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਜਜ਼ਬਿਆਂ ਦਾ ਪ੍ਰਗਟਾਵਾ ਸਰੀਰਿਕ ਮੁਦਰਾਵਾਂ ਜਿਹੀ ਸੰਚਾਰ ਵਿਧੀ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਕਰਦਾ ਸੀ। ਇਸ ਤਰਾਂ ਇਹ ਮਨੁੱਖ ਦੀ ਮੁੱਢਲੀ ਪ੍ਰਦਰਸ਼ਨੀ ਹੋ ਨਿਬੱੜੀ।

ABSTRACT
The Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionized the way devices interact and communicate with each other, creating an interconnected network that enhances efficiency and convenience. However, with the proliferation of IoT devices comes the pressing issue of security concerns. This paper investigates the current landscape of IoT security challenges and explores future trends aimed at mitigating these risks. Through a comprehensive literature review, ten prominent studies are analyzed, highlighting key security vulnerabilities and proposing potential solutions. Additionally, this paper discusses emerging trends such as blockchain technology, artificial intelligence, and edge computing, which offer promising avenues for enhancing IoT security. Furthermore, graphical representations and images are utilized to illustrate key concepts and trends in the field of IoT security.

INTRODUCTION
Cybersecurity is a broad field that deals with protecting networks, systems and data from online threats. Now a days in this interconnected world where information is critical to businesses and individuals, so that the importance of cyber security cannot be ignored. This cyber security includes a wide range of techniques, technologies aimed at protecting digitally existing objects from cyber threats, unauthorized access to data, and potential breaches. At its core, cyber security follows the principle of security-in-depth. What kind of efforts are made to reduce risks and eliminate deficiencies and security controls. Firewalls, encryption setting, virus detection software plays important role in cyber security. For enhancing cyber security working on malware, phishing, ransomware, and social engineering strategies to detect, prevent, and respond to various cyber threats is very necessary. Cyber security awareness and training also play an important role. Technology is increased day by day and the attack of cyber threats are also growing. To prevent data from cyber-attacks we need experienced and qualified cyber security experts who can help protect the data held digitally and maintain privacy so that people can feel confident and they work digitally.

INTRODUCTION
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the ability of artificial entities to solve complex problems using their intelligence. It combines computer science and cognitive science. In simple terms, intelligence is the computational aspect of achieving goals in the real world. It includes thinking, imagining, remembering, understanding, recognizing patterns, making decisions, adapting to situations and learning from experience. AI aims to make computers imitate human behaviour and it is very fast at this task. This field is dedicated to advancing practical computer science by building adaptive systems that can generate their own solutions through general knowledge applied to specific scenarios. AI is a research-rich field that is developing rapidly. There is rapid research in this area to reduce its limitations. AI has the ability to review large amounts of data and make decisions as quickly as possible that could revolutionize industries ranging from healthcare to finance to transportation. AI has a greatest ability which is called machine learning. This ability makes it unique. AI learnt from experiences and improve it self over the time. This powerful tool capable AI for solving complex problems. The possibilities of using AI in the near future seem to be limitless. AI is impacting the way we live, work and master tasks, everything from autonomous vehicles, smart home devices, personal healthcare is using AI in everything. By using artificial intelligence, we can create new opportunities. We can use it to innovate, and create an efficient world for all.

INTRODUCTION
We are currently in the digital age. The Internet and information and communication technologies (ICT) play important role to enhancing economic growth and productivity. Internet-based technologies and networks have the ability to boost productivity, reduce expenses, and create new market avenues. Nowadays, utilizing the Internet and email for business operations is commonplace. Nevertheless, the lack of technical and managerial proficiency in Information and Communications Technology poses a challenge. There is a wide range of resources availability to assist in enhancing our e-commerce skills. Simply determine the skills for our requirement and locate the valuable resources to develop those skills. The necessary skills are done by simple software such as word processing and internet navigation, to more critical roles like website design, development, and database management. Various resources are available to enhance your knowledge of the e-commerce field and improve your technical expertise. These resources encompass online materials, printed publications, seminars, and training programs. Considering this, an overview of E- Commerce’s background will be presented. E-Commerce, short for Electronics Commerce, is a contemporary business approach that focuses on helping organizations, suppliers, and customers cut costs, enhance product and service quality, and accelerate delivery times. E-commerce has various methods such as: • Electronic Data Exchange (EDI) • Electronic Mail (e-mail) • Electronic Bulletin Boards • Electronic Fund Transfer (EFT) • Other network-based technologies. The essence of e-commerce lies in leveraging the internet to conduct business more efficiently and swiftly.

ABSTRACT
ਸਾਹਿਤਕ ਅਲੋਚਨਾ ਮੱਧਕਾਲ ਦੌਰਾਨ ਵੀ ਅਲੋਪ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੋਈ। ਕਲਾਸੀਕਲ ਪਰੰਪਰਾ ਨੇ ਪੱਛਮੀ ਰੋਮਨ ਸਾਮਰਾਜ ਨੂੰ ਟੱੁਟਣ ਤੋਂ ਬਚਾਇਆ ਅਤੇ ਬਹੁਤ ਸਾਰੇ ਮਹਾਨ ਲਾਤੀਨੀ ਲੇਖਕ ਯੂਰਪ ਦੀ ਸਭਿਆਚਾਰਕ ਪਰੰਪਰਾ ਦਾ ਹਿੱਸਾ ਬਣੇ ਰਹੇ। ਯੂਨਾਨੀ ਲੇਖਕਾਂ ਦੀ ਕਿਸਮਤ ਵੱਖਰੀ ਰਹੀ; ਆਮ ਤੌਰ ਤੇ ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਉਹ ਸਿਰਫ ਲਾਤੀਨੀ ਸੰਸਕਰਣਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਰਚਨਾਵਾਂ ਦੀ ਨਕਲ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਹੀ ਬਚ ਸਕੇ। ਬਹੁਤੇ ਯੂਨਾਨ ਦੇ ਲੇਖਕ ਮੱਧ ਯੁੱਗ ਦੌਰਾਨ ਅਨਜਾਣ ਰਹੇ ਹਨ (ਇਹ ਹੋਮਰ ਦੇ ਸੰਬੰਧ ਵਿੱਚ ਹੈ) ਜਾਂ ਪੱਛਮ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਿਰਫ ਬਦਲੇ ਰੂਪਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਵਿਉਹਾਰਾਂ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਪਹੁੰਚੇ (ਜਿਵੇਂ ਕਿ ਅਰਸਤੂ ਦੇ ਕਾਵਿ-ਵਿਿਗਆਨ ਨਾਲ ਹੋਇਆ ਸੀ)। ਕਲਾਸੀਕਲ ਕਾਵਿ-ਸ਼ਾਸਤਰ ਦੀਆਂ ਕੁੱਝ ਪ੍ਰਮੁੱਖ ਧਾਰਨਾਵਾਂ ਸੁਰੱਖਿਅਤ ਹਨ: ਪਲੈਟੋਨੀਕ ਅਤੇ ਅਰਿਸਟੋਟਲੀ ਧਾਰਨਾ ਕਲਾ ਦੀ ਨਕਲ ਦੇ ਰੂਪ ਵਿਚ ਅਤੇ ਤਿੰਨ ਬੁਨਿਆਦੀ ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀਆਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀਬੱਧਤਾ, ਅਤੇ ਨਾਲ ਹੀ ਔਚਿਤਯ ਦੀ ਧਾਰਣਾ (ਹੋਰੇਸ ਤੋਂ)। ਮੱਧਯੁਗ ਨੇ ਕਲਾਸੀਕਲ ਸਮੇਂ ਦੀ ਬਿਆਨਬਾਜ਼ੀ ਪਰੰਪਰਾ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੀਆਂ ਲੋੜਾਂ ਲਈ ਅਨੁਕੂਲ ਬਣਾਇਆ। ਇਹ ਮੱਧਯੁਗੀ ਸਾਹਿਤਕ ਸਿਧਾਂਤ ਦਾ ‘ਨਿਰਣਾਇਕ’ ਪੱਖ ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾਵੇਗਾ ਕਿ ਸੰਚਾਲਨ ਲਈ ਨਿਰਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇਣ ਵਾਲੇ ਮੈਨੂਅਲ, ਸੰਭਾਵਿਤ ਲੇਖਕ ਉੱਤੇ ਆਪਣਾ ਧਿਆਨ ਕੇਂਦਰਤ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਨ। ਦੂਜੇ ਪਾਸੇ, ਕਈ ਵਾਰ ਕਲਾਸਿਕਾਂ ਦੀ ਟੈਕਸਟ ਦੀ ਟਿੱਪਣੀ ਦੀ ਇੱਕ ਬਹੁਤ ਵਧੀਆ ਪਰੰਪਰਾ ਹੈ। ਮੱਧਯੁਗੀ ਆਲੋਚਨਾ ਦਾ ਇਹ ਪਹਿਲੂ ਕੰਮ ਕਰਨ ਦੇ ਢੰਗਾਂ ਵੱਲ ਨਹੀਂ, ਬਲਕਿ ਉਹ ਜਿਸ ਢੰਗ ਨਾਲ ਹਨ ਉਸ ਪਹਿਲੂ ਵੱਲ ਧਿਆਨ ਕੇਂਦਰਤ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ; ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਕੰਮਾਂ ਲਈ ਨਹੀਂ ਜੋ ਲਿਖੇ ਜਾਣੇ ਚਾਹੀਦੇ ਹਨ, ਬਲਕਿ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਕੰਮਾਂ ਲਈ ਜੋ ਪਹਿਲਾਂ ਹੀ ਲਿਖੇ ਹੋਏ ਹਨ ਅਤੇ ਧਾਰਮਿਕ ਜਾਂ ਨੈਤਿਕ ਮਹੱਤਤਾ ਵਾਲੇ ਹਨ। ਮੱਧਯੁਗੀ ਟਿੱਪਣੀਕਾਰਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਉਹਨਾਂ ਮੁਸ਼ਕਲਾਂ ਦਾ ਸਾਹਮਣਾ ਕਰਨਾ ਪਿਆ ਜੋ ਕਿ ਉਹਨਾਂ ਦੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਸਮੇਂ ਤੋਂ ਅਲੱਗ ਸਨ, ਕਲਾਸੀਕਲ ਲੇਖਕਾਂ ਨਾਲੋਂ ਵੱਖਰੀਆਂ ਸਨ। ਮੱਧਕਾਲ ਦੀ ਗਿਆਨ ਪਰੰਪਰਾ ਦਾ ਆਧਾਰ ਇੱਕ ਖ਼ਾਸ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਨੂੰ ਕੇਂਦਰ ਮੰਨਣ ਦੁਆਲੇ ਘੁੰਮਦਾ ਹੈ। ਮਾਨਤਾ ਦੀ ਡਿਗਰੀ ਹਰ ਕਿਸਮ ਦੇ ਪਾਠ ਨੂੰ ਦੇਣ, ਅਤੇ ਉਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਦਰਸਾਈਆਂ ਗੰਭੀਰ ਸਮੱਸਿਆਵਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਬਾਈਬਲ ਦੀ ਵਿਆਖਿਆ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਹੱਲ ਕਰਨ ਉੱਤੇ ਕੇਂਦਰਤ ਹੈ। ਬੇਸ਼ੱਕ, ਮੱਧਯੁਗ ਦੇ ਜ਼ਿਆਦਾਤਰ ਆਲੋਚਕ ਪੁਜਾਰੀ ਜਾਂ ਭਿਕਸ਼ੂ ਹਨ; ਬਹੁਤ ਸਾਰੇ ਧਰਮ ਸ਼ਾਸਤਰੀ ਹਨ, ਅਤੇ ਕਿਸੇ ਵੀ ਸਥਿਤੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੀ ਚਿੰਤਾ ਧਰਮ, ਚਰਚ ਅਤੇ ਬਾਈਬਲ ਦੇ ਅਧਿਕਾਰ ਤੋਂ ਕਦੇ ਵੀ ਦੂਰ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੋਈ। ਆਲੋਚਨਾਤਮਕ ਵਿਚਾਰਾਂ ਉੱਤੇ ਈਸਾਈ ਅਧਿਕਾਰ ਦਾ ਇਹ ਅਧਿਕਾਰ ਉਹ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਮੱਧ ਯੁੱਗ ਨੂੰ ਸਾਹਿਤਕ ਸਿਧਾਂਤ ਅਤੇ ਆਲੋਚਨਾ ਦੇ ਇਤਿਹਾਸ ਦੇ ਸਮੇਂ ਵਜੋਂ ਦਰਸਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ।

ABSTRACT
The advent of IoT in India has ushered in the next-level industrial revolution, commonly known as Industry 4.0. Aside from the new Digital India program launched by the government, IoT plays a critical role in an evolving IoT business and technology setting. The number of IoT devices in India is estimated to exceed 2.1 billion by 2025. By 2025, the world's IoT devices are estimated to number 19 billion. The Indian Internet of Things industry is anticipated to reach $9.28 billion by 2025. India is projected to create $21.4 billion in revenue by 2030.

ABSTRACT
A country’s coastline is the hub of all its economic activities i.e., business, commerce, transportation, and industry. The coastal region is epicenter for trade, fishing, and tourism, contributing significantly to India's GDP. They provide employment opportunities and support the livelihoods of millions of people. It provides abundance of natural resources that help in country’s socio-cultural and economic development. Climate change related Sea Level Rise (SLR) accelerate the vulnerability of coastal ecosystems by posing threat to many coastal region and coastal population in developed as well as in developing countries. Many studies across the globe have declared the rise in the Sea level as a result of the global warming caused by the rising concentration of harmful gases like carbon dioxide, methane, carbon mono oxide and chlorofluorocarbons. The Indian coastal region is one of the most vulnerable, risk-prone and densely populated regions in the world. The changing climate patterns have significant implications for the coastal areas, including rising sea levels, increased frequency of extreme weather events, and coastal erosion. These changes can have a profound impact on the environment, ecosystems, and the livelihoods of coastal communities. Rising sea levels pose a significant threat, leading to increased coastal erosion and the loss of land. This erosion can disrupt communities, damage infrastructure, and even displace people from their homes. The warming of ocean waters due to climate change also impacts marine ecosystems. Coral reefs, mangroves, and other coastal habitats are vulnerable to bleaching, degradation, and loss. This affects the biodiversity of the region and disrupts the delicate balance of these ecosystems. This paper will explore the specific effects of climate change in different coastal regions of India, and highlights the need for adaptation and mitigation strategies to protect both the environment and the people.

ABSTRACT
Cloud service availability has been one of the major concerns of cloud service providers (CSP), while hosting different cloud based information technology services by managing different resources on the internet. The vulnerability of internet, the distribute nature of cloud computing, various security issues related to cloud computing service models, and cloud’s main attributes contribute to its susceptibility of security threats associated with cloud service availability. One of the major sophisticated threats that happen to be very difficult and challenging to counter due to its distributed nature and resulted in cloud service disruption is Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. Even though there are number of intrusion detection solutions proposed by different research groups, and cloud service providers (CSP) are currently using different detection solutions by promising that their product is well secured, there is no such a perfect solution that prevents the DDoS attack. The characteristics of DDoS attack, i.e., having different appearance with different scenarios, make it difficult to detect. This paper will throw a light on different existing DDoS detecting techniques against different parameters, discusses their advantage and disadvantages, and propose a hybrid threshold based approach that could significantly mitigate these attacks and be a better alternative solution for current detection problems.

ਜਾਣ-ਪਛਾਣ:
ਵਡਾ ਪੁਰਖੁ ਪਰਗਟਿਆ ਕਲਿਜੁਗ ਅੰਦਰਿ ਜੋਤਿ ਜਗਾਈ॥ (ਵਾਰ ਪਹਿਲੀ, ਪਉੜੀ 44)1 ਗੁਰੂ ਨਾਨਕ ਦੇਵ ਜੀ ਨੇ ਸਮਾਜਿਕ, ਸਭਿਆਚਾਰਕ ਅਤੇ ਅਧਿਆਤਮਕ ਪੱਖ ਤੋਂ ਸਿਰਫ ਪੰਜਾਬ ਨੂੰ ਹੀ ਨਹੀਂ ਸਗੋਂ ਪੂਰੇ ਭਾਰਤ ਦੇ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਜਾਗਰੂਕ ਕੀਤਾ।2 ਭਾਈ ਗੁਰਦਾਸ ਜੀ ਕਥਨ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਨ ਕਿ ਗੁਰੂ ਨਾਨਕ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਦੇ ਬ੍ਰਹਮ ਗਿਆਨ ਰੂਪੀ ਚਾਨਣ ਅੱਗੇ ਕੋਈ ਵੀ ਅੰਧਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸ਼ ਅਤੇ ਕਰਮਕਾਂਡ ਟਿਕ ਨਹੀਂ ਸਕਿਆ। ਉਹਨਾਂ ਨੇ ਸਾਰੀ ਲੋਕਾਈ ਨੂੰ ਸੋਝੀ ਦਿੱਤੀ। ਇਸ ਪ੍ਰਕਾਰ ਉਹਨਾਂ ਨੇ ਇੱਕ ਨਿਵੇਕਲਾ 'ਨਿਰਮਲ ਪੰਥ' ਚਲਾਇਆ। ਮਾਰਿਆ ਸਿਕਾ ਜਗਤਿ ਵਿਿਚ ਨਾਨਕ ਨਿਰਮਲ ਪੰਥੁ ਚਲਾਇਆ॥ (ਵਾਰ ਪਹਿਲੀ, ਪਉੜੀ 45)3 ਗੁਰੂ ਨਾਨਕ ਦੇਵ ਜੀ ਨੇ ਸਮਾਜ ਨੂੰ ਸੁਧਾਰਨ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ-ਨਾਲ ਸਮੇਂ ਦੇ ਹਾਕਮ ਤੇ ਹਮਲਾਵਰਾਂ ਵਿਰੁੱਧ ਵੀ ਆਵਾਜ਼ ਉਠਾਈ। ਗੁਰੂ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਦੀ ਸ਼ਖਸੀਅਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਪੂਰੀ ਦਲੇਰੀ ਵਿਦਮਾਨ ਸੀਜੋ ਕਿ ਉਹਨਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਰਚਨਾਵਾਂ (ਬਾਣੀ) ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਅਭਿਿਵਅਕਤ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ। ਪੂਰੇ ਹਿੰਦੁਸਤਾਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਉਸ ਸਮੇਂ ਹੋਰ ਕੋਈ ਅਜਿਹੀ ਸ਼ਖਸੀਅਤ ਨਹੀਂ ਸੀ, ਜਿਸਨੇ ਸਚਾਈ ਪ੍ਰਗਟ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਏਨੀ ਹਿੰਮਤ ਦਿਖਾਈ ਹੋਵੇ। ਸੱਚ ਕਹਿਣ ਦੀ ਤਾਕਤ ਗੁਰੂ ਨਾਨਕ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਵਿੱਚ ਬੇਜੋੜ ਸੀ।4 ਗੁਰੂ ਨਾਨਕ ਦੇਵ ਨੇ ਤਿਲੰਗ ਰਾਗ ਦੇ ਇਸ ਸ਼ਬਦ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਮਕਾਲੀ ਸਮਾਜ ਦਾ ਦ੍ਰਿਸ਼ ਇੰਝ ਪੇਸ਼ ਕੀਤਾ ਹੈ : ਸਰਮੁ ਧਰਮੁ ਦੁਇ ਛਪਿ ਖਲੋਏ ਕੂੜ ਫਿਰੈ ਪਰਧਾਨ ਵੇ ਲਾਲੋ॥ ਕਾਜੀਆ ਬਾਮਣਾ ਕੀ ਗਲ ਥਕੀ ਅਗਦੁ ਪੜੇ ਸੈਤਾਨ ਵੇ ਲਾਲੋ॥ (ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ)5 ਗੁਰੂ ਨਾਨਕ ਦੇਵ ਜੀ ਦੀ ਵਿਚਾਰਧਾਰਾ, ਮੌਲਿਕ ਆਦਰਸ਼ਾਂ, ਸੰਸਥਾਵਾਂ ਦੀ ਸਮੁੱਚੀ ਮਨੁੱਖਤਾ ਲਈ ਸਾਰਥਿਕਤਾ ਨੂੰ ਵਿਵਹਾਰਕ ਰੂਪ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਮਝਣਾ, ਇਸ ਖੋਜ ਪੱਤਰ ਦਾ ਮੁੱਖ ਵਿਸ਼ਾ ਹੈ।

ABSTRACT
This Research paper describes the framework for explore the world of digital marketing that highlights the new methods used for product promotion and digital marketing and impact of different technologies tools and media platforms. This paper mainly studies the development the history of digital marketing and to examine the effectiveness of media marketing strategies and different social media options used for marketing and also relationship between digital marketing and the internet industry. This paper mainly studies significance of digital marketing and differences between online marketing and offline marketing and the effectiveness of technological tools and social media platforms on success of digital advertising methods. This paper represents the effectiveness of online digital marketing advertisement and also about emerging digital media options used for digital marketing. This research paper has been edited to help small business as well as to large business to integrate digital advertising in their business models and to recognize the usefulness of social media marketing over traditional advertising strategies.

ABSTRACT
In this tech-savvy era, when the world is witnessing rapid growth and transformation, the term ‘sustainability’ has grasped the attention of everyone. The reason behind this cognizance are the prevailing concerns and issues regarding deterioration in quality of environment, climate change, conflicts, poverty, hunger, and social instability which are probably negative outcomes of ‘blind walk for development’. However, the current generation is becoming conscious to realise the need and importance of sustainable development as a key to future prosperity. Sustainable development practices provide an outline for restoring the health of the environment so that future generations may prosper. This concept of sustainability has touched the finance sector as well. The investor is also finding the sustainable investment avenues which can help him to generate ethical returns. This thought is now termed as Sustainable Investment in Financial Markets. Sustainable investments can be defined as capital that are invested in companies/sectors that seek to focus on improving ESG performance i.e. environment, social welfare and governance. This paper is an attempt to bring out this concept and its future implications. The paper is divided into four sections explaining the conceptual framework to the concept, its need, current scenario and future outcomes. This is the need of the hour to explore this term so as to generate more clarity about it among common investors and companies. Therefore, this paper will review the impact of sustainability on profitability of investors’ portfolio and will draw a roadmap to concept of sustainable investment in future financial markets.